{"id":11564,"date":"2023-07-20T13:35:21","date_gmt":"2023-07-20T10:35:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/?p=11564"},"modified":"2023-07-20T13:35:21","modified_gmt":"2023-07-20T10:35:21","slug":"what-is-two-factor-authentication","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/11564\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7ok fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulama nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Herhangi bir sosyal a\u011fda veya \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i hizmette hesab\u0131 olan herkes, mutlaka daha \u00f6nce iki fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulama (2FA) ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda iki ad\u0131ml\u0131 kimlik do\u011frulama veya iki ad\u0131ml\u0131 do\u011frulama olarak da ge\u00e7er ancak temelde hepsi ayn\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Ama tam olarak ne oldu\u011funu, nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve en \u00f6nemlisi neden gerekli oldu\u011funu hi\u00e7 merak ettiniz mi? \u00d6yleyse do\u011fru yere geldiniz. Bu sorular\u0131 ve daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda cevaplamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>\u0130ki fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulama nedir?<\/h2>\n<p>\u00d6nce basit\u00e7e tan\u0131mlayal\u0131m. Eri\u015fim haklar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamak, yani <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/identification-authentication-authorization-difference\/8851\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">kimlik do\u011frulamas\u0131<\/a> yapmak i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 anda birka\u00e7 y\u00f6ntem kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu i\u015flem <strong>\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulama<\/strong> olarak bilinir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Dijital hizmetler genellikle <strong>iki fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulama<\/strong> kullan\u0131r. Daha fazla fakt\u00f6r kullanmaktan zarar gelmez ancak kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 derecede rahats\u0131z etmemek i\u00e7in bu say\u0131 genellikle iki ile s\u0131n\u0131rlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>2FA, ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle hesap korumas\u0131 ile rahat bir \u015fekilde oturum a\u00e7ma aras\u0131nda uygun bir denge kurar. Ancak kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n kimlik do\u011frulama haklar\u0131n\u0131 onaylamak i\u00e7in hangi \u201cfakt\u00f6rler\u201d kullan\u0131labilir? \u0130\u015fte en pop\u00fcler se\u00e7enekler:<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Bilgi<\/strong>: Do\u011fru parolay\u0131, c\u00fcmle \u015feklinde parolay\u0131, say\u0131sal kodu, grafik deseni, gizli bir sorunun yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 vb. biliyorsan\u0131z ba\u015far\u0131yla kimlik do\u011frulama yapabilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sahip olma<\/strong>: Belirli bir \u00f6geye sahipseniz (\u00f6rne\u011fin; bir anahtar, g\u00fcvenlik belirteci, telefon, banka kart\u0131) bu \u00f6geyi kullanarak eri\u015fim haklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 do\u011frulayabilirsiniz. Ayr\u0131ca, \u00f6rnek verecek olursak tek seferlik bir kod arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla do\u011frulama ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilen bir telefon numaras\u0131na veya ba\u015fka bir hesaba (\u00f6rne\u011fin, bir e-posta) eri\u015fiminiz varsa da ba\u015far\u0131yla kimlik do\u011frulama yapabilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ki\u015fiye \u00f6zel nitelik<\/strong>: Kullan\u0131c\u0131ya \u00f6zel baz\u0131 benzersiz nitelikler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kimlik do\u011frulamas\u0131 yapmak genellikle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bunlara parmak izi, ses, y\u00fcz, DNA, iris deseni, klavyede karakteristik yazma stili vb. dahildir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Co\u011frafi konum<\/strong>: Bu se\u00e7enek kapsam\u0131nda kimlik do\u011frulamas\u0131 yapmak, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n belirli bir yerde bulunmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u015firketin ofisinde kurumsal kaynaklarda oturum a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 durumu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7ok fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulaman\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131c\u0131 haklar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamak amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntemlerin <em>farkl\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini<\/em> unutmay\u0131n. Bu nedenle, bir hizmet kullan\u0131c\u0131dan bir yerine iki parola (veya bir parola ve gizli bir sorunun yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131) sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131 isterse ayn\u0131 do\u011frulama y\u00f6ntemi (bilgi) iki kez kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu 2FA olarak kabul edilemez.<\/p>\n<input type=\"hidden\" class=\"category_for_banner\" value=\"kpm\">\n<h2>\u0130ki fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulamas\u0131na neden ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z var?<\/h2>\n<p>Her do\u011frulama y\u00f6nteminin kendine has zay\u0131f y\u00f6nleri oldu\u011fundan, \u00e7ok fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulama kullanman\u0131z \u00f6nerilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, baz\u0131 bilgileri kullanmak g\u00fcvenilir bir y\u00f6ntem olabilir ancak yaln\u0131zca bu bilgilerin sadece kullan\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan bilindi\u011fi ve hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde ba\u015fka bir kaynaktan elde edilemedi\u011fi durumlarda. Ancak durum neredeyse hi\u00e7bir zaman b\u00f6yle de\u011fildir. Kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n girdi\u011fi parola daha sonra internet \u00fczerinden ba\u015fka yerlere iletilir. Ayr\u0131ca, hi\u00e7 kimse t\u00fcm hesaplar\u0131n\u0131n parolalar\u0131n\u0131 ayn\u0131 anda hat\u0131rlayamayaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in muhtemelen s\u00f6z konusu parolalar\u0131 bir yerde <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/password-manager?icid=tr_kdailyplacehold_acq_ona_smm__onl_b2c_kasperskydaily_wpplaceholder____kpm___\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">saklars\u0131n\u0131z<\/a>. Bu, k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli insanlara verilerinizi ele ge\u00e7irme veya \u00e7alma konusunda pek \u00e7ok f\u0131rsat sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Dahas\u0131, parolan\u0131z kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i hizmet taraf\u0131ndan saklanmak zorundad\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcn birinde bu hizmet taraf\u0131ndan veri s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ya\u015fanabilir. Birden fazla hizmet i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 parolay\u0131 kullan\u0131rsan\u0131z (maalesef bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi hala bunu yap\u0131yor) t\u00fcm bu hesaplar i\u00e7in ele ge\u00e7irilme riski do\u011far.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Ayn\u0131s\u0131 di\u011fer do\u011frulama y\u00f6ntemleri i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir. Sahip olma fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc kullanmak ideal de\u011fildir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sahip oldu\u011funuz \u00f6ge (anahtar, telefon, banka kart\u0131) \u00e7al\u0131nabilir. Co\u011frafi konum tek ba\u015f\u0131na hi\u00e7bir \u015feyi do\u011frulamaz: Arktik Okyanusu\u2019nun ortas\u0131ndaki bir buz k\u00fctlesi \u00fczerinde ak\u0131nt\u0131ya kap\u0131lmad\u0131ysan\u0131z uzay ve zamanda sizinle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 ayn\u0131 noktada olan pek \u00e7ok insan olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Belki de yaln\u0131zca ki\u015fiye \u00f6zel nitelik fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn hemen hemen g\u00fcvenilir oldu\u011fu kabul edilebilir. Bu nedenle bazen tek ba\u015f\u0131na kimlik do\u011frulama fakt\u00f6r\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak bu durumun da <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com\/blog\/biometric-atms\/13259\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">birka\u00e7 n\u00fcans\u0131<\/a> var.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00e7ok fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulama kavram\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir: Birbirinden farkl\u0131 ne kadar \u00e7ok fakt\u00f6r kullan\u0131l\u0131yorsa hesaba eri\u015fmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015finin ger\u00e7ekten eri\u015fim hakk\u0131na sahip olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 o kadar y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_11565\" style=\"width: 1339px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11565\" class=\"wp-image-11565 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/media.kasperskydaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/91\/2023\/07\/20132649\/what-is-two-factor-authentication-pic-1-EN.png\" alt=\"\u00c7ok fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulama nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?\" width=\"1329\" height=\"999\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-11565\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Daha fazla fakt\u00f6r kullanarak hesab\u0131n\u0131za sizden ba\u015fka kimsenin eri\u015fememesini garanti alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015f olursunuz<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Bu nedenle iki fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulama kullanmak, \u00e7ok basit bir nedenden dolay\u0131 iyi bir fikirdir: S\u00f6z konusu hizmetin hesaba eri\u015fmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015finin siz oldu\u011funuzu bilmesini sa\u011flamak ve hesab\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ele ge\u00e7irilmesini zorla\u015ft\u0131rmak.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0130ki fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulama nas\u0131l kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<p>\u00c7e\u015fitli 2FA t\u00fcrlerini ba\u015fka bir yaz\u0131da inceleyece\u011fiz. Haydi bu yaz\u0131y\u0131 birka\u00e7 ipucu ile sonland\u0131ral\u0131m:<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Uygun t\u00fcm hizmetlerde iki fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulamay\u0131 etkinle\u015ftirdi\u011finizden emin olun.<\/li>\n<li>M\u00fcmk\u00fcnse 2FA y\u00f6ntemi olarak <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com\/blog\/authenticator-apps-compatibility\/47063\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">bir kimlik do\u011frulama uygulamas\u0131ndan gelecek tek seferlik kodlar\u0131<\/a> se\u00e7in. \u00c7ok de\u011ferli hesaplar i\u00e7in ise bir <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yubico.com\/resources\/glossary\/fido-u2f\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">FIDO U2F<\/a> donan\u0131m anahtar\u0131 kullan\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Yukar\u0131daki se\u00e7enekler mevcut de\u011filse ba\u015fka herhangi bir y\u00f6ntemi kullanmak, ikinci bir fakt\u00f6r kullanmamaktan \u00e7ok daha g\u00fcvenli olacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>2FA\u2019n\u0131n \u00fcst d\u00fczey kimlik h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koruma sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 unutmay\u0131n (FIDO U2F anahtarlar\u0131 hari\u00e7). Bu nedenle, bir kod girmeden \u00f6nce sahte bir internet sitesinde olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan emin olun.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/premium?icid=tr_bb2023-kdplacehd_acq_ona_smm__onl_b2c_kdaily_lnk_sm-team___kprem___\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kaspersky Premium<\/a> gibi dahili kimlik h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 korumas\u0131na sahip g\u00fcvenilir bir g\u00fcvenlik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc kullan\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc parolalar olu\u015fturmaya ve bunlar\u0131 g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde saklama konusunda ise tam s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc bir <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/premium?icid=tr_bb2023-kdplacehd_acq_ona_smm__onl_b2c_kdaily_lnk_sm-team___kprem___\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kaspersky Premium<\/a> aboneli\u011fi sunan [KPM placeholder] Kaspersky Password Manager\u2019\u0131 [\/placeholder] \u00f6neririz. Bu arada password manager \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz, hesaplar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irilmeye kar\u015f\u0131 korumaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/make-your-passwords-stronger-with-kaspersky-password-manager\/9754\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">birka\u00e7 ba\u015fka kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fe<\/a> de sahiptir.<\/p>\n<input type=\"hidden\" class=\"category_for_banner\" value=\"premium-generic\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c7ok fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc kimlik do\u011frulama nedir, neden kullanman\u0131z gerekir ve bu &#8220;fakt\u00f6rler&#8221; nelerdir?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2726,"featured_media":11566,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1284],"tags":[1624,2638,2026,1575,2474,2639,46],"class_list":{"0":"post-11564","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-tips","8":"tag-2fa","9":"tag-biyometrik-veriler","10":"tag-iki-faktorlu-kimlik-dogrulama","11":"tag-kimlik-dogrulama","12":"tag-kimlik-dogrulayicilar","13":"tag-metin-mesajlari","14":"tag-sms"},"hreflang":[{"hreflang":"tr","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/11564\/"},{"hreflang":"en-in","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.co.in\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/25716\/"},{"hreflang":"en-ae","url":"https:\/\/me-en.kaspersky.com\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/21136\/"},{"hreflang":"ar","url":"https:\/\/me.kaspersky.com\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/10707\/"},{"hreflang":"en-us","url":"https:\/\/usa.kaspersky.com\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/28409\/"},{"hreflang":"en-gb","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.co.uk\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/26015\/"},{"hreflang":"es-mx","url":"https:\/\/latam.kaspersky.com\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/26390\/"},{"hreflang":"es","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.es\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/28875\/"},{"hreflang":"it","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.it\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/27798\/"},{"hreflang":"ru","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.ru\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/35429\/"},{"hreflang":"x-default","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/48289\/"},{"hreflang":"fr","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.fr\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/20672\/"},{"hreflang":"pt-br","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.br\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/21355\/"},{"hreflang":"de","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.de\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/30208\/"},{"hreflang":"ja","url":"https:\/\/blog.kaspersky.co.jp\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/34036\/"},{"hreflang":"ru-kz","url":"https:\/\/blog.kaspersky.kz\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/26326\/"},{"hreflang":"en-au","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.au\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/32026\/"},{"hreflang":"en-za","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.co.za\/blog\/what-is-two-factor-authentication\/31710\/"}],"acf":[],"banners":"","maintag":{"url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/tag\/2fa\/","name":"2FA"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11564","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2726"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11564"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11564\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11570,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11564\/revisions\/11570"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11566"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11564"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11564"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11564"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}