{"id":1461,"date":"2015-01-21T09:03:09","date_gmt":"2015-01-21T14:03:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/?p=1461"},"modified":"2019-11-15T15:03:53","modified_gmt":"2019-11-15T12:03:53","slug":"okumak-zararli-olabilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/okumak-zararli-olabilir\/1461\/","title":{"rendered":"Okumak Zararl\u0131 Olabilir"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Geceleri yeterince uyuyabiliyor musunuz? G\u00fcndelik hayatlar\u0131n bu kadar hummal\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131rsak geceleri yeterli bir uyku \u00e7ekmek \u00e7ok olas\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fckm\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>Geceleri erkenden yata\u011fa gitseniz bile yine de uykusuz kalabilirsiniz. Peki bu kimin su\u00e7u?<\/p>\n<p>Alman ve Amerikal\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, se\u00e7kin bir bilimsel magazin olan PNAS\u2019da yay\u0131nlanan son <a href=\"http:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/early\/2014\/12\/18\/1418490112\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">makalelerinde<\/a>, yata\u011fa gitmeden \u00f6nce \u2013 tabletten bir \u015feyler okumak gibi \u2013 elektronik cihazlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neriyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma, yakla\u015f\u0131k 25 ya\u015flar\u0131nda bir d\u00fczine sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc ile bir sa\u011fl\u0131k tesisinde iki hafta s\u00fcresince ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bir deneye dayan\u0131yor. T\u00fcm kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar lo\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 odalarda g\u00fcnde d\u00f6rt saat okuma yaparak her g\u00fcn saat 22:00 da yata\u011fa girdiler. \u0130lk hafta kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 Apple iPad \u00fczerinden di\u011fer yar\u0131s\u0131 ise ka\u011f\u0131da bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kitaplardan okuma yapt\u0131lar. \u0130kinci hafta ise gruplar rollerini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n<p>Sonu\u00e7lar belirgin bir sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Tablet kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 normal kitap okuyanlara g\u00f6re ortalama 10 dakika daha ge\u00e7 uykuya dald\u0131lar ve derin uyku a\u015famas\u0131nda (r\u00fcya g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz uyku a\u015famas\u0131) %10 daha az kald\u0131lar. Kanlar\u0131ndaki melatonin seviyesi normal kitap okuyan kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lardan %55 daha azd\u0131. Melatonin, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK37431\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">uykusuzluk hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 tedavisinde<\/a> \u201cuyku hormonu\u201d olarak kullan\u0131lan bir hormondur.<\/p>\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rma s\u00fcresince, iPad kullanan kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar gece yeterli uyuyamam\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen ak\u015famlar\u0131 daha az uykulu hissettiklerini belirttiler. Genellikle ertesi g\u00fcn uykudan tamamen uyanmak i\u00e7in daha fazla zamana ihtiya\u00e7 duyuyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>I\u015f\u0131k seviyesi ile melatonin seviyesi (ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 uyku kalitesi) aras\u0131ndaki korelasyon daha \u00f6nce de konu olmu\u015ftu. O halde bu yaygaran\u0131n sebebi nedir? Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara g\u00f6re tablet ekranlar\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 etkileyecek kadar \u0131\u015f\u0131k yaymad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n bu rapora temel olan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n miktar\u0131 de\u011fil, kalitesi. iPad yo\u011fun olarak optik spektrumun dalga boyunu yayar. Optik konusunda yeterli bilgiye sahip olmayan okuyucular i\u00e7in \u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klayabiliriz; bu dalga boyu cam g\u00f6be\u011fi rengi ile g\u00f6k ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n mavisi aras\u0131ndaki (450 nm dalga boyu) kenard\u0131r. Bu parlakl\u0131k bildi\u011fimiz g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan farkl\u0131d\u0131r ve de\u011fi\u015fik sebeplerden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc melatonin salg\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 <a href=\"http:\/\/press.endocrine.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1210\/jc.2004-2062\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">etkiler<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/media.kasperskydaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/91\/2015\/01\/06014655\/Reading-can-be-harmful2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1463\" src=\"https:\/\/media.kasperskydaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/91\/2015\/01\/06014655\/Reading-can-be-harmful2-1024x701.png\" alt=\"Reading-can-be-harmful2\" width=\"640\" height=\"438\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Foto\u011fraf\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131: <a href=\"dot-color.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dot-color.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Ger\u00e7ek hayat deneyimleri ile laboratuvar deneyleri aras\u0131nda farkl\u0131l\u0131klar oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek sonu\u00e7lara inanmayanlar olabilir. \u00c7evrenizde her g\u00fcn iPad \u00fczerinden 4 saat okuma yap\u0131p sonra da tam ayn\u0131 saatte yatmaya giden pek fazla insan yoktur elbette. Ancak bilmelisiniz ki, iPad \u2018lerde kullan\u0131lan ekranlar ile modern TV\u2019ler, ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonlar ve PC\u2019lerde kullan\u0131lanlar aras\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok ortak y\u00f6n bulunuyor. Tabi ki boyutlar\u0131 farkl\u0131 ancak spektral dalga boylar\u0131 birbirine \u00e7ok yak\u0131n. 450 nm dalga boyu t\u00fcm bu t\u00fcr LCD ekranl\u0131 ve OLED ekranl\u0131 cihazlar\u0131n ortak <a href=\"http:\/\/www.displaymate.com\/Spectra_4.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">karakteristi\u011fidir<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Ortalama bir ki\u015fi her g\u00fcn TV seyreder, diz\u00fcst\u00fc bilgisayarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, mobil cihazlar\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131nda s\u0131k\u00e7a kullan\u0131r. Hele ki gen\u00e7 nesiller a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirirsek, onlar\u0131n hayatlar\u0131 tamamen dijital aktiviteler ile sar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r ve bu da durumu daha da dramatik hale getirmektedir.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/2928622\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Deney fareleri<\/a> d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kimse uykusuzluktan \u00f6lmez diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilirsiniz. Ancak bu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sadece ABD\u2019de her y\u0131l \u015fof\u00f6rlerin direksiyon ba\u015f\u0131nda uyumas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 \u00e7eyrek milyonu a\u015fk\u0131n <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aasmnet.org\/Resources\/FactSheets\/DrowsyDriving.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">kaza ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor<\/a>. Ayr\u0131ca PNAS yazarlar\u0131n\u0131 notlar\u0131na g\u00f6re uyku saatlerinin kaymas\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc kanser riskinin de artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015f<\/p>\n<p>Art\u0131k durumu anlad\u0131n\u0131z. Peki daha fazla uyku uyuyabilmek i\u00e7in ne yapmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 olarak yata\u011fa gitmeden \u00f6nceki TV izleme, laptop kullanma veya oyun oynama gibi aktivitelerde harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z zaman\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131n<\/li>\n<li>Cihazlar\u0131n\u0131zdaki arka alan ayd\u0131nlatmas\u0131n\u0131 ve renk s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcn (daha \u2018\u0131l\u0131k\u2019 resimler). E\u011fer bu parametreler d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u015fekilde ayarlan\u0131rsa mavi parlakl\u0131k yo\u011funlu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilirsiniz. Ayr\u0131ca g\u00f6z yorgunlu\u011funu \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kontrast ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 da d\u00fczg\u00fcn yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan emin olun.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/media.kasperskydaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/91\/2015\/01\/06014653\/Reading-can-be-harmful3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1464\" src=\"https:\/\/media.kasperskydaily.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/91\/2015\/01\/06014653\/Reading-can-be-harmful3.jpg\" alt=\"Reading-can-be-harmful3\" width=\"640\" height=\"340\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Foto\u011fraf kayna\u011f\u0131: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.eizoglobal.com\/library\/basics\/eyestrain\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Eizo<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>E-kitaplar\u0131 okumak yerine ka\u011f\u0131t kitaplar\u0131 okumay\u0131 tercih edin veya \u0131\u015f\u0131k yaymak yerine yans\u0131tan pasif ekranl\u0131 elektronik kitap okuyucular\u0131n\u0131 tercih edin. E-ink okuyucular art\u0131k \u00e7ok uygun fiyatlara bulunabiliyor.<\/li>\n<li>Evde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ampulleri g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irin. Klasik \u0131s\u0131yla \u0131\u015f\u0131k veren ampuller do\u011fal ve tek tip \u0131\u015f\u0131k parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 verir. Enerji tasarruflu floresan lambalar ve so\u011fuk \u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 LED ampuller ise tercih etmeyece\u011finiz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck dalga boyundaki <a href=\"http:\/\/www.soundandvision.com\/content\/led-vs-cfl-bulbs-color-temp-light-spectrum-and-more\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">farkl\u0131 spektrumlara ait <\/a>\u0131\u015f\u0131k yayarlar. Spektrumun mavi k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ermeyen k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 LED arka ayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131 kullanmay\u0131 da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<li>E\u011fer ciddi uyku sorunu ya\u015f\u0131yorsan\u0131z radikal bir \u00f6nlem olarak spektrumun mavi k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen \u00f6zel turuncu lensli g\u00f6zl\u00fcklerden kullanabilirsiniz. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n olumlu etkileri pek \u00e7ok <a href=\"http:\/\/informahealthcare.com\/doi\/abs\/10.3109\/07420520903523719\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">klinik deney<\/a> ile kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin gece bilgisayar kullananlar i\u00e7in bu tarz g\u00f6zl\u00fckler <a href=\"http:\/\/www.health.harvard.edu\/newsletters\/Harvard_Health_Letter\/2012\/May\/blue-light-has-a-dark-side\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">tavsiye edilmektedir<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Geceleri yeterince uyuyabiliyor musunuz? G\u00fcndelik hayatlar\u0131n bu kadar hummal\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131rsak geceleri yeterli bir uyku \u00e7ekmek \u00e7ok olas\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fckm\u00fcyor. Geceleri erkenden yata\u011fa gitseniz bile yine de uykusuz kalabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":350,"featured_media":1462,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1284],"tags":[555,667,665,666,664,668],"class_list":{"0":"post-1461","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-tips","8":"tag-akilli-telefonlar","9":"tag-arastirma","10":"tag-mobil-cihazlar","11":"tag-okuma","12":"tag-saglik","13":"tag-tabletler"},"hreflang":[{"hreflang":"tr","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/okumak-zararli-olabilir\/1461\/"}],"acf":[],"banners":"","maintag":{"url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/tag\/akilli-telefonlar\/","name":"ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonlar"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1461","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/350"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1461"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1461\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7246,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1461\/revisions\/7246"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1462"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1461"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1461"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1461"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}