{"id":1765,"date":"2015-09-17T05:41:51","date_gmt":"2015-09-17T09:41:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/?p=1765"},"modified":"2019-11-15T15:02:52","modified_gmt":"2019-11-15T12:02:52","slug":"sehir-efsanesi-mi-dogru-mu-virusler-bilgisayar-donanima-zarar-verebilir-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/sehir-efsanesi-mi-dogru-mu-virusler-bilgisayar-donanima-zarar-verebilir-mi\/1765\/","title":{"rendered":"\u015eehir Efsanesi mi, Ger\u00e7ek mi? Vir\u00fcsler Bilgisayar Donan\u0131ma Zarar Verebilir mi?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bu asl\u0131nda bilgi g\u00fcvenli\u011fi\u00a0d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda en yayg\u0131n efsanelerden birisidir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda bir standard\u0131 da yoktur. \u0130ki tarafl\u0131 do\u011fas\u0131 bu efsanenin devaml\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda PC \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ba\u015flarken kullan\u0131c\u0131lar genellikle \u201cyak\u0131n bir arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n\u201d ba\u015f\u0131na gelen korkutucu hikayeler anlat\u0131rd\u0131. Bu hikayelerden birinde, vir\u00fcsler CRT monit\u00f6re \u201chatal\u0131\u201d bir sinyal g\u00f6ndererek bilgisayar\u0131n baz\u0131 bile\u015fenlerinin \u201cyanmas\u0131na\u201d neden oluyordu. Bir ba\u015fkas\u0131nda ise zararl\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar HDD disklerini \u015fiddetle yank\u0131layarak sabit diski kullan\u0131lmaz hale getiriyor ya da disket s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcy\u00fc overclock ederek motora ar\u0131za verecek \u0131s\u0131nmaya neden oluyordu.<\/p>\n<p>Anti vir\u00fcs geli\u015ftiricileri s\u00fcrekli bu efsanelerin ger\u00e7ek olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. Bu vakalar\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131 teorik olarak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6z\u00fckse de cihazlardaki \u2013 yerle\u015fik \u2013 sa\u011flam koruma mekanizmas\u0131 bu t\u00fcr ar\u0131zalar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesine imkan tan\u0131maz. \u0130\u00e7iniz rahat olsun.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-pullquote\"><p>\u015eehir Efsanesi mi Ger\u00e7ek mi? Vir\u00fcsler Bilgisayar Donan\u0131ma Zarar Verebilir mi?#infosec<\/p><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fkas.pr%2FMA8B&amp;text=%C5%9Eehir+Efsanesi+mi+Ger%C3%A7ek+mi%3F+Vir%C3%BCsler+Bilgisayar+Donan%C4%B1ma+Zarar+Verebilir+mi%3F%23infosec\" class=\"btn btn-twhite\" data-lang=\"en\" data-count=\"0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Tweet<\/a><\/blockquote>\n<p>Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalara inanm\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnseler de efsanelere inanmaya devam ederler. Her \u015fey m\u00fcmk\u00fcn, netice de \u00fcreticiler olaylar\u0131 \u00f6rtbas ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>Hayat s\u00fcrprizlerle dolu. \u00d6rne\u011fin 1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda Win95.CIH (di\u011fer ad\u0131yla Chernobyl) vir\u00fcs\u00fc binlerce makinaya bula\u015ft\u0131. Bu zararl\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m sabit diskler ve ana kart BIOS \u00e7iplerindeki verileri bozdu. Etkilenen baz\u0131 bilgisayarlar ba\u015flatma program\u0131 zarar g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131lamad\u0131. Bu sald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n etkilerini gidermek i\u00e7in BIOS \u00e7iplerini s\u00f6k\u00fcp i\u00e7indeki verileri yeniden yazmak yeterli oluyordu.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe class=\"youtube-player\" type=\"text\/html\" width=\"640\" height=\"390\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RrnWFAx5vJg?version=3&amp;rel=1&amp;fs=1&amp;showsearch=0&amp;showinfo=1&amp;iv_load_policy=1&amp;wmode=transparent\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"true\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Bu durum bilgisayar \u00fczerinde fiziksel bir zarar olu\u015fturdu mu? A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 hay\u0131r. Bir ka\u00e7 i\u015flemden sonra ana kartlar d\u00fczelip \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r duruma gelir. Ancak bunu yapmak i\u00e7in \u201cevdeki acil durum kitleri\u201d yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00f6zel ekipmanlar gerekebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bug\u00fcn her \u015fey \u00e7ok daha kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k.<\/p>\n<p>Her bir donan\u0131m par\u00e7as\u0131 kendi yeniden yaz\u0131labilir mikro program\u0131na sahip. Hatta baz\u0131lar\u0131 birden fazlas\u0131na.<\/p>\n<p>Bu mikro programlar\u0131n her biri y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde evrimle\u015fti ve do\u011fal olarak sald\u0131r\u0131lara a\u00e7\u0131k kompleks bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m par\u00e7as\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. E\u011fer sald\u0131r\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olursa sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 hemen ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131labilir olmayabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Sabit diskler i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.ru\/blog\/equation-hdd-malware\/6984\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">modifiye edilen ayg\u0131t yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131<\/a> hikayesine g\u00f6z at\u0131n. Equation siber casusluk sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 inceleyen Kaspersky Lab uzmanlar\u0131, farkl\u0131 HDD modellerinin \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan mikro programlara casus yaz\u0131l\u0131m kodlar\u0131 enjekte edildi\u011fini ke\u015ffetti. Bu zararl\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar sabit disk \u00fczerinde tam bir kontrol sa\u011fl\u0131yor ve format at\u0131larak temizlenemiyor.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00f6yle bir sabit diski eski haline getirmek i\u00e7in \u00f6zel ekipmanlara ihtiya\u00e7 duyuluyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile bu durumdaki bir sabit diski kurtarmaktansa \u00e7\u00f6pe atmak en ucuz \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm.<\/p>\n<p>Peki bu fiziksel hasar say\u0131labilir mi? Bu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.ru\/blog\/hardware-malware\/7364\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">donan\u0131m bazl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klar<\/a> hakk\u0131ndaki hikayeler artmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130kinci olarak, ne t\u00fcr makinalar\u0131n \u201cbilgisayar\u201d olarak tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusu biraz muamma. \u00d6rne\u011fin, yeni \u00fcretilen arabalar\u0131n hepsi bir bak\u0131ma bilgisayar. Hatta daha \u00f6nemlisi tekerlekler \u00fczerinde duran ve a\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 bir bilgisayar. Uzaktan eri\u015fime ve hack edilmeye a\u00e7\u0131k. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.ru\/blog\/remote-car-hack\/8430\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ge\u00e7enlerde Jeep Cherokee\u2019nin uzaktan hack edilmesi<\/a> denemesi bu durumu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n<p>Tamam, bu hack bir vir\u00fcs taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fil hacker\u2019larca ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi ancak \u00e7ok kolay oldu. \u0130lerde b\u00f6yle bir hack nedeniyle bir araban\u0131n yol kenar\u0131ndaki direklere \u00e7arpt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek \u00e7ok \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 olmayacakt\u0131r. Bu fiziksel hasar say\u0131labilir herhalde. Yani, bir vir\u00fcs bilgisayar donan\u0131m\u0131na ger\u00e7ekten zarar verebilir mi?<\/p>\n<p>Bu bir \u015fehir efsanesi mi, yoksa ger\u00e7ek mi? Bu ger\u00e7ek. Ancak cevap \u201chasar\u201d, \u201cvir\u00fcs\u201d, \u201cbilgisayar\u201d ile neyi kastetti\u011finize ba\u011fl\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bu asl\u0131nda bilgi g\u00fcvenli\u011fi\u00a0d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda en yayg\u0131n efsanelerden birisidir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda bir standard\u0131 da yoktur. \u0130ki tarafl\u0131 do\u011fas\u0131 bu efsanenin devaml\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda PC \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ba\u015flarken kullan\u0131c\u0131lar genellikle<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":350,"featured_media":1766,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1351],"tags":[752,754,753,744,388,537,755,756,553],"class_list":{"0":"post-1765","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-threats","8":"tag-denge","9":"tag-donanim","10":"tag-gercek-ya-da-efsane","11":"tag-guvenlik","12":"tag-infosec","13":"tag-tehditler","14":"tag-virusler","15":"tag-win95-cih","16":"tag-zararli-yazilim-2"},"hreflang":[{"hreflang":"tr","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/sehir-efsanesi-mi-dogru-mu-virusler-bilgisayar-donanima-zarar-verebilir-mi\/1765\/"}],"acf":[],"banners":"","maintag":{"url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/tag\/denge\/","name":"Denge"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1765","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/350"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1765"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1765\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7222,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1765\/revisions\/7222"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1766"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1765"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1765"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1765"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}