{"id":4790,"date":"2018-03-14T16:03:41","date_gmt":"2018-03-14T13:03:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/?p=4790"},"modified":"2019-11-15T14:42:58","modified_gmt":"2019-11-15T11:42:58","slug":"sun-and-wind-energy-future","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/4790\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi ve r\u00fczgar enerjisinin de\u011fi\u015fen hali"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Gelece\u011fi, ilerideki on y\u0131lda ya da y\u00fcz y\u0131lda d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n ve hayatlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ne kadar de\u011fi\u015fece\u011fini hayal etmek \u00e7ok insanca bir \u015fey. Bu tahminlere giri\u015firken ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktam\u0131z belli: Kendi zaman\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sorunlar\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7o\u011fu insan buna, s\u00fcregelen petrol ve gaz \u00fcretimini, yani h\u00e2l\u00e2 as\u0131l olarak kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 sorgulayarak ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/tag\/34c3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">34. Kaos \u0130leti\u015fim Kongresi<\/a>nde konu\u015fan Alman bir ekip, ideal enerji kaynaklar\u0131na dair g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc payla\u015ft\u0131. Alternatif bir enerji kayna\u011f\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131 gerekenler \u015funlar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li>Sonsuza kadar (en az\u0131ndan buna yak\u0131n bir zamana kadar) t\u00fckenmemesi;<\/li>\n<li>Do\u011faya zarar vermemesi;<\/li>\n<li>Her yerde ve her zaman kullan\u0131labilir olmas\u0131;<\/li>\n<li>Geli\u015ftirme a\u015famas\u0131nda bile, var olan teknolojiler yard\u0131m\u0131yla ekonomik faydalar sa\u011flamas\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Anja Kohfeldt ve Stefan Junk, D\u00fcnya y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinde bulunan g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 istasyonlar\u0131yla dolu bir gelecek tahayy\u00fcl ediyorlar. Meslekta\u015flar\u0131 Kristoph Sieg de u\u00e7an r\u00fczgar t\u00fcrbinlerinin bug\u00fcn\u00fcn elektrik santrallerinin yerini alaca\u011f\u0131ndan emin.<\/p>\n<h2>Kozmik mikrodalga<\/h2>\n<p>Ekibin kongrede tart\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk alternatif enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131yd\u0131. Ancak bizim bildi\u011fimiz \u015fekilde de\u011fil: Bilim insanlar\u0131 D\u00fcnya y\u00f6r\u00fcngesine b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 istasyonu yerle\u015ftirmeyi <a href=\"https:\/\/media.ccc.de\/v\/34c3-8869-saving_the_world_with_space_solar_power\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u00f6neriyorlar<\/a>. Diyorlar ki bu \u015fekilde, g\u00fcne\u015ften tam kapasitede yararlanmam\u0131z\u0131 engelleyen; bulutlar, mevki (hem mevki se\u00e7imi hem de 7\/24 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 mevkilere duyulan ihtiya\u00e7) ve enerjini yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in gereken altyap\u0131 gibi bir tak\u0131m engeli a\u015fm\u0131\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131z. Toplanan enerji yery\u00fcz\u00fcne mikrodalga radyasyonu sayesinde da\u011f\u0131t\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu sistemin eksik kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yanlar yok de\u011fil. \u00d6ncelikle, in\u015fa ve f\u0131rlatma maliyeti muazzam olur. \u00d6n tahminlere g\u00f6re bu miktar onlarca milyar dolar\u0131 bulabilir. \u0130kincisi, ay\u0131n \u00e7ekimi ve di\u011fer nedenlerden dolay\u0131, istasyonun y\u00f6r\u00fcngesi s\u00fcrekli olarak d\u00fczeltilmeli. Bu da hem zor bir i\u015f, hem de yine maliyetli.<\/p>\n<p>Bu yanlar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc ve en zorlusu ise, enerjinin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131. Bir mikrodalga \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yarat\u0131p bunu D\u00fcnya\u2019ya g\u00f6ndermek yakla\u015f\u0131k 1 kilometrelik uzayda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir anten gerektiriyor. Bu \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde toplayan al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ap\u0131 ise 5 kilometre olmal\u0131. Dahas\u0131, yanl\u0131\u015f y\u00f6nlendirilen bir \u0131\u015f\u0131n felakete sebep verebilir; yoluna \u00e7\u0131kan her \u015feyi kavurabilir. Bir Bond k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7\u0131kma ihtimalini bo\u015f verin, sadece hesaplama hatalar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde bile bu korkun\u00e7 bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce.<\/p>\n<p>Yine de, bu fikir NASA, Japonya\u2019daki JAXA ve \u00c7in\u2019deki CNSA taraf\u0131ndan inceleniyor. Hen\u00fcz her \u015fey i\u00e7in \u00e7ok erken ama ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yap\u0131l\u0131yor, teknoloji de geli\u015ftiriliyor. Geli\u015fmeler i\u00e7in bizi takip edebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h2>De\u011fi\u015fim r\u00fczgarlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n petrole, gaza ve n\u00fckleer enerjiye kar\u015f\u0131 bir alternatifleri daha var ve bu, biraz da ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor. Bu teknoloji \u00d6l\u00fcm Y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131 gibi bir kurulum gerektirmiyor mesela. Ana fikir, r\u00fczgar t\u00fcrbinlerinin \u015feklini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek, bunlar\u0131 devasa r\u00fczgar g\u00fcllerinden bir kabloyla yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki bir istasyona ba\u011fl\u0131 insans\u0131z hava ara\u00e7lar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn r\u00fczgar g\u00fclleri \u00e7o\u011fu zaman hareket etmiyorlar \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir r\u00fczgar t\u00fcrbinin standart y\u00fcksekli\u011findeki hava ak\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00e7ok d\u00fczensiz. Dronelar ise 200 metreden bir kilometreye kadar y\u00fckselebiliyorlar. Bu aral\u0131ktaki r\u00fczgar hareketleri daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve daha d\u00fczenli.<\/p>\n<p>Jenerat\u00f6rler, bir drone\u2019un \u00fczerine yerle\u015ftirebilir (d\u00f6nen kanatlar\u0131 enerji \u00fcretecektir) ya da yery\u00fcz\u00fc istasyonunda konumland\u0131r\u0131labilir (enerji, drone\u2019un hava hareketleri sebebiyle kabloyu \u00e7ekmesi sonucunda \u00fcretilecektir). Teoride, bu m\u00fckemmele yak\u0131n bir enerji kayna\u011f\u0131. Her zaman ve her yerde uygulanabilir, do\u011faya zarars\u0131z ve geli\u015ftirmesi \u00e7ok pahal\u0131 de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<p>Bu fikir de yeni de\u011fil, bu projelerin \u00f6nc\u00fcleri 70\u2019li y\u0131llarda g\u00fcndeme getirilmi\u015f. Ancak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck irtifada, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k bir y\u00f6r\u00fcngede otomatik bir kontrol sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ciddi bir hesaplama g\u00fcc\u00fc gerektiriyor. Bu kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, ama k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir hava arac\u0131na s\u0131\u011fabilecek kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olan bilgisayarlar yaln\u0131zca son y\u0131llarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eimdi ise bu fikir bir \u00e7\u0131\u011f gibi b\u00fcy\u00fcyor: \u00c7evrimi\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve geli\u015ftirilen a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m, bu i\u015flemci g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn ve ger\u00e7ek drone\u2019lar\u0131n yap\u0131sal tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f \u00fcst\u00fcnde test edilmesini ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar fazla insan\u0131n bunlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmesine olanak sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Siz de istekliyseniz test yapan ki\u015filer aras\u0131na kat\u0131labilirsiniz. Her \u015feyi buradan \u00f6\u011frenebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h2>Peki ba\u015fka bir se\u00e7enek var m\u0131?<\/h2>\n<p>Hem de \u00e7ok fazla! \u00c7e\u015fitli biyoyak\u0131tlar\u0131, jeotermal ve gelgit enerjisini duymu\u015f olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n parlak zihinleri her bir se\u00e7ene\u011fi kar\u0131\u015f kar\u0131\u015f inceliyorlar. Ancak di\u011fer hepsini fethedecek tek enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 bulunamad\u0131. Her bir y\u00f6ntemin art\u0131lar\u0131 ve eksileri var.<\/p>\n<p>Belki de 20 y\u0131l ya da 30 y\u0131l sonra, bacas\u0131 t\u00fcten elektrik santrallerinin yerini, manzaras\u0131 ve sil\u00fceti olduk\u00e7a geli\u015fmi\u015f \u015fehirlerin \u00fcst\u00fcnde u\u00e7up duran drone\u2019lar alacak. E\u011fer \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f bir kahin iseniz, uzmanlar\u0131n, gelecek\u00e7ilerin ve internet kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n tahminlerini sundu\u011fu <a href=\"https:\/\/2050.earth\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Earth 2050<\/a> sitemize bakabilirsiniz. Bize gelecek hayalinizi s\u00f6yleyin. Kim bilir, belki ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gelece\u011fi, ilerideki on y\u0131lda ya da y\u00fcz y\u0131lda d\u00fcnyam\u0131z\u0131n ve hayatlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ne kadar de\u011fi\u015fece\u011fini hayal etmek \u00e7ok insanca bir \u015fey. Bu tahminlere giri\u015firken ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktam\u0131z belli: Kendi zaman\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sorunlar\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7o\u011fu insan buna, s\u00fcregelen petrol ve gaz \u00fcretimini, yani h\u00e2l\u00e2 as\u0131l olarak kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 sorgulayarak ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2484,"featured_media":4791,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1352,995],"tags":[1570,1506,1507,1508,1202,1571,1511,878],"class_list":{"0":"post-4790","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-special-projects","8":"category-technology","9":"tag-1570","10":"tag-34c3","11":"tag-ccc","12":"tag-chaos-communication-congress","13":"tag-drone","14":"tag-earth-2050","15":"tag-kaos-iletisim-kongresi","16":"tag-teknoloji"},"hreflang":[{"hreflang":"tr","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/4790\/"},{"hreflang":"en-in","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.co.in\/blog\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/12768\/"},{"hreflang":"en-ae","url":"https:\/\/me-en.kaspersky.com\/blog\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/10577\/"},{"hreflang":"en-us","url":"https:\/\/usa.kaspersky.com\/blog\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/14889\/"},{"hreflang":"en-gb","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.co.uk\/blog\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/13204\/"},{"hreflang":"es-mx","url":"https:\/\/latam.kaspersky.com\/blog\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/12627\/"},{"hreflang":"es","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.es\/blog\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/15520\/"},{"hreflang":"it","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.it\/blog\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/15174\/"},{"hreflang":"ru","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.ru\/blog\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/19872\/"},{"hreflang":"x-default","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com\/blog\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/21543\/"},{"hreflang":"fr","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.fr\/blog\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/10096\/"},{"hreflang":"pt-br","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.br\/blog\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/10238\/"},{"hreflang":"pl","url":"https:\/\/plblog.kaspersky.com\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/9079\/"},{"hreflang":"de","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.de\/blog\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/16090\/"},{"hreflang":"ja","url":"https:\/\/blog.kaspersky.co.jp\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/19869\/"},{"hreflang":"en-au","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.au\/blog\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/19802\/"},{"hreflang":"en-za","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.co.za\/blog\/sun-and-wind-energy-future\/19829\/"}],"acf":[],"banners":"","maintag":{"url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/tag\/34c3\/","name":"34c3"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4790","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2484"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4790"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4790\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6955,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4790\/revisions\/6955"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4791"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4790"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4790"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4790"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}