{"id":4838,"date":"2018-04-13T17:01:21","date_gmt":"2018-04-13T14:01:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/?p=4838"},"modified":"2019-11-15T14:42:21","modified_gmt":"2019-11-15T11:42:21","slug":"cryptowallets","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/cryptowallets\/4838\/","title":{"rendered":"Hangi kripto para c\u00fczdan\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7meliyiz?"},"content":{"rendered":"

1000\u2019in \u00fczerinde Amerikal\u0131 yeti\u015fkin aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir ankete<\/a> g\u00f6re kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n %56\u2019s\u0131 kripto para biriminin ne oldu\u011funu biliyor. Ancak %78\u2019i bu para birimini nereden sat\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyor. Kripto paray\u0131 g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde saklama y\u00f6ntemlerini bilmeyen insan say\u0131s\u0131 ise bu orandan bile daha fazla. Biz de sizlere yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in bu konuya \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutmaya karar verdik.<\/p>\n

Kripto c\u00fczdan nedir?<\/h2>\n

Kripto paralar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 saklamak i\u00e7in bir kripto c\u00fczdan gereklidir. Basit\u00e7e a\u00e7\u0131klamak gerekirse kripto c\u00fczdan, \u00f6zel ve genel kriptografik anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131<\/a> depolar. Kendi ad\u0131n\u0131za blok zincirine ula\u015fmak veya kripto paran\u0131zla i\u015flem yapmak istedi\u011finizde bu anahtarlara ihtiya\u00e7 duyars\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Genel anahtar, c\u00fczdan\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n adresi gibidir; \u00f6zel anahtar ise c\u00fczdan\u0131 a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan anahtard\u0131r. Birisi size para g\u00f6ndermek istedi\u011finde paray\u0131 kendi adresinden sizin adresinize atar (yani bu ki\u015finin sizin genel anahtar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bilmesi gerekir). Bunun i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderen, kendi \u00f6zel anahtar\u0131na eri\u015fim sa\u011flar. Sizin de kendi c\u00fczdan\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n kilidini a\u00e7mak ve paran\u0131z\u0131 harcamak i\u00e7in genel adresinize kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen \u00f6zel anahtar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 girmeniz gerekir.<\/p>\n

Burada unutmaman\u0131z gereken nokta \u015fudur: Kripto paraya sahip olmak ve bu paray\u0131 kripto c\u00fczdan\u0131n\u0131zda saklamak \u201ccoin\u2019lerin\u201d cebinizde oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelmez. C\u00fczdan yaln\u0131zca iki anahtardan ibarettir. Coin\u2019ler hala blok zincirindedir ve bu i\u015flemler s\u0131ras\u0131nda blok zincirinden hi\u00e7 ayr\u0131lmazlar. Bir i\u015flem ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011finde yaln\u0131zca i\u015flemi tan\u0131mlayan bir blok, blok zincirine eklenir. Kripto para birimlerinin nas\u0131l kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in \u015fu g\u00f6nderiyi<\/a> okuman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririz.<\/p>\n

\u015eimdi konumuza, yani c\u00fczdanlara geri d\u00f6nelim. Kripto c\u00fczdanlar\u0131n birka\u00e7 farkl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fc vard\u0131r ve her biri kendine g\u00f6re avantajlara ve dezavantajlara sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Kripto c\u00fczdan t\u00fcrleri<\/h2>\n

1. Ka\u011f\u0131t c\u00fczdanlar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kripto c\u00fczdanlar, en basit \u015fekliyle genel ve \u00f6zel anahtarlardan olu\u015fur. Bunlar\u0131 saklaman\u0131n en kolay yolu da anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bir ka\u011f\u0131t par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine yazmakt\u0131r. Buna ka\u011f\u0131t c\u00fczdan<\/strong> denir ve insanlar bu c\u00fczdan\u0131 ger\u00e7ek hayatlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ancak ka\u011f\u0131t c\u00fczdanlar, yaln\u0131zca kripto para saklamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. \u00d6deme yapmak i\u00e7in yeni bir c\u00fczdan t\u00fcr\u00fc olu\u015fturman\u0131z ve paralar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ka\u011f\u0131t c\u00fczdandan yeni c\u00fczdana aktarman\u0131z gerekir. Bu son derece uzun anahtarlar\u0131 her seferinde elinizle girmek zor olabilir. Bunun i\u00e7in QR kodlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Anahtar olu\u015fturmak ve bunlar\u0131 QR kodlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Avantajlar: G\u00fcvenlik (ka\u011f\u0131t hasar g\u00f6rmedi\u011fi veya \u00e7al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece)<\/em><\/p>\n

Dezavantajlar: Kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 de\u011fildir, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 eri\u015fim sunar<\/em><\/p>\n

2. S\u0131cak c\u00fczdanlar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kullan\u0131m\u0131 en kolay c\u00fczdan t\u00fcr\u00fc, s\u0131cak c\u00fczdand\u0131r. S\u0131cak c\u00fczdan, \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i bir hizmet taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flan\u0131r. Ad\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131cak olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni, nerede olursan\u0131z olun veya hangi cihaz\u0131 kullan\u0131rsan\u0131z kullan\u0131n varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131za istedi\u011finiz anda eri\u015febilmenizdir. \u0130htiyac\u0131n\u0131z olan tek \u015fey internet ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. S\u0131cak c\u00fczdan almak i\u00e7in bu hizmeti sunan bir web sitesine kay\u0131t olmal\u0131 veya bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m y\u00fcklemelisiniz. Bu hizmet ya da yaz\u0131l\u0131m kripto paran\u0131z\u0131 y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in gereken aray\u00fcz\u00fc sunar.<\/p>\n

S\u0131cak c\u00fczdanlar son derece kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak bu c\u00fczdan\u0131 kullan\u0131rken hesab\u0131n\u0131zdaki t\u00fcm paray\u0131 hizmet sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na emanet etmek zorunda kal\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. \u00d6rne\u011fin kripto para borsalar\u0131, borsada i\u015flem g\u00f6ren her kripto para i\u00e7in m\u00fc\u015fterilerine s\u0131cak c\u00fczdan se\u00e7ene\u011fi sunar. Ancak k\u0131sa s\u00fcre \u00f6nce ya\u015fanan baz\u0131 olaylar, bu c\u00fczdanlarda y\u00fckl\u00fc miktarda kripto para tutman\u0131n g\u00fcvenli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi. Borsalar, siber su\u00e7lular i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a de\u011ferli bir hedef. Baz\u0131 \u00f6zel s\u0131cak c\u00fczdan hizmetleri, borsa olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaz ve daha \u00e7ok g\u00fcvenlik odakl\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak bu hizmetlerin temelinde de g\u00fcven ili\u015fkisi yatar.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 s\u0131cak c\u00fczdan hizmeti sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 saklaman\u0131z i\u00e7in size verirken baz\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar bu hizmeti sunmaz. \u0130kinci durumda sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na bir \u015fey gelirse paran\u0131z\u0131 kaybetme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksektir. \u0130lk se\u00e7enekte ise her zaman ba\u015fka bir c\u00fczdana ge\u00e7i\u015f yapma \u015fans\u0131n\u0131z vard\u0131r. S\u0131cak c\u00fczdanlar, harcamay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck miktarlarda kripto paralar\u0131 saklamak i\u00e7in iyi bir se\u00e7enektir.<\/p>\n

Avantajlar: Kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k, eri\u015filebilirlik<\/em><\/p>\n

Dezavantajlar: D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck g\u00fcvenlik; \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf gerektirir<\/em><\/p>\n

3. Yaz\u0131l\u0131m ve mobil c\u00fczdanlar: Full node (tam d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm) veya light (hafif d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm) se\u00e7enekleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u0131cak c\u00fczdanlar bulut tabanl\u0131d\u0131r. Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\/mobil c\u00fczdanlar ise yerel olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen internete ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Yaz\u0131l\u0131m veya mobil c\u00fczdan, bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131za ya da ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonunuza (veya ba\u015fka bir cihaza) y\u00fcklenen yard\u0131mc\u0131 bir programd\u0131r. Bu program, \u00f6zel ve genel anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra i\u015flemlerinizi de y\u00f6netir. Yerel c\u00fczdanlar, genellikle hem kripto paran\u0131z\u0131 saklamak hem de \u00f6deme yapmak i\u00e7in iyi bir se\u00e7enektir.<\/p>\n

Bu c\u00fczdanlar da s\u0131cak c\u00fczdanlar gibi iki ana t\u00fcre sahiptir. Full-node (tam d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm) ve light (hafif) se\u00e7eneklerinden birini tercih edebilirsiniz. Full node c\u00fczdanlar, t\u00fcm blok zincirini cihaz\u0131n haf\u0131zas\u0131nda depolarken light c\u00fczdanlar depolama i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc tarafa g\u00fcvenir. Kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda full-node c\u00fczdanlar ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaz. \u00d6rne\u011fin Bitcoin blok zinciri, \u015fu anda 200 GB\u2019lik bir alan\u0131 kapsar. Bir ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefon bu miktar\u0131 kald\u0131ramaz. Kripto paralar\u0131 saklaman\u0131n as\u0131l y\u00f6ntemi, tamamen yerel c\u00fczdanlar kullanmakt\u0131r. Ancak gittik\u00e7e daha \u00e7ok insan bu c\u00fczdanlar\u0131n yerine light veya s\u0131cak c\u00fczdanlar\u0131 kullanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Di\u011fer yandan, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraflara dayanmayan full-node c\u00fczdanlar genellikle light c\u00fczdanlardan daha g\u00fcvenlidir.<\/p>\n

Avantajlar: S\u0131cak c\u00fczdanlardan daha g\u00fcvenli<\/em><\/p>\n

Dezavantajlar: Yine de yeterince g\u00fcvenli de\u011fildir; cihaza ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r<\/em><\/p>\n

4. So\u011fuk c\u00fczdanlar<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u0131cak c\u00fczdanlar varsa mutlaka so\u011fuk c\u00fczdanlar olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bir c\u00fczdan da olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu c\u00fczdanlar, ger\u00e7ek ve fiziksel donan\u0131m par\u00e7alar\u0131d\u0131r. Normalde so\u011fuk c\u00fczdanlar, flash bellek gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir bilgisayara veya ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefona ba\u011flanmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda bildi\u011fimiz, normal bir USB bellek de so\u011fuk c\u00fczdan olarak kullan\u0131labilir. Ancak Secure Element (G\u00fcvenli Bile\u015fen) \u00e7ipine dayal\u0131 \u00f6zel donan\u0131m c\u00fczdanlar, kripto paran\u0131z\u0131 y\u00f6netmek ve anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in daha uygundur. Bu donan\u0131mlar, anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7evrimd\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir cihazda saklad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in yaz\u0131l\u0131m c\u00fczdanlardan daha g\u00fcvenlidir. So\u011fuk c\u00fczdanlar hem kripto paran\u0131z\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok iyi bir se\u00e7enektir hem de i\u015flem yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. \u00d6zel donan\u0131m c\u00fczdanlar\u0131n tek sorunu, \u00fccretli olmalar\u0131d\u0131r (ayr\u0131ca sahip oldu\u011funuz elektronik cihaz say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da do\u011fal olarak art\u0131r\u0131r). Olumlu yan\u0131 ise bu cihaz\u0131 \u015farj etmenize gerek yoktur.<\/p>\n

Avantajlar: Kripto c\u00fczdanlar aras\u0131nda en y\u00fcksek g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flayan t\u00fcrd\u00fcr<\/em><\/p>\n

Dezavantajlar: Maliyet, bir cihaz sat\u0131n alma zorunlulu\u011fu<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1000’in \u00fczerinde Amerikal\u0131 yeti\u015fkin aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir ankete g\u00f6re kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n %56’s\u0131 kripto para biriminin ne oldu\u011funu biliyor. Ancak %78’i bu para birimini nereden sat\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmiyor. Kripto paray\u0131 g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde saklama y\u00f6ntemlerini bilmeyen insan say\u0131s\u0131 ise bu orandan bile daha fazla. Biz de sizlere yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in bu konuya \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutmaya karar verdik.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":675,"featured_media":4839,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1352],"tags":[374,1097,1098,1591,352,1590,1336],"class_list":{"0":"post-4838","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-special-projects","8":"tag-bitcoin","9":"tag-blockchain","10":"tag-blok-zinciri","11":"tag-cryptowallet","12":"tag-kaspersky-lab","13":"tag-kripto-cuzdan","14":"tag-kripto-para-birimi"},"hreflang":[{"hreflang":"tr","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/cryptowallets\/4838\/"},{"hreflang":"en-in","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.co.in\/blog\/cryptowallets\/13084\/"},{"hreflang":"en-ae","url":"https:\/\/me-en.kaspersky.com\/blog\/cryptowallets\/10922\/"},{"hreflang":"en-us","url":"https:\/\/usa.kaspersky.com\/blog\/cryptowallets\/15179\/"},{"hreflang":"en-gb","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.co.uk\/blog\/cryptowallets\/13456\/"},{"hreflang":"es-mx","url":"https:\/\/latam.kaspersky.com\/blog\/cryptowallets\/12740\/"},{"hreflang":"es","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.es\/blog\/cryptowallets\/15841\/"},{"hreflang":"it","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.it\/blog\/cryptowallets\/15418\/"},{"hreflang":"ru","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.ru\/blog\/cryptowallets\/20174\/"},{"hreflang":"x-default","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com\/blog\/cryptowallets\/22025\/"},{"hreflang":"fr","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.fr\/blog\/cryptowallets\/10263\/"},{"hreflang":"pt-br","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.br\/blog\/cryptowallets\/10260\/"},{"hreflang":"de","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.de\/blog\/cryptowallets\/16423\/"},{"hreflang":"zh","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.cn\/blog\/cryptowallets\/9586\/"},{"hreflang":"ja","url":"https:\/\/blog.kaspersky.co.jp\/cryptowallets\/20100\/"},{"hreflang":"en-au","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.au\/blog\/cryptowallets\/20081\/"},{"hreflang":"en-za","url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.co.za\/blog\/cryptowallets\/20078\/"}],"acf":[],"banners":"","maintag":{"url":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/tag\/bitcoin\/","name":"bitcoin"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4838","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/675"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4838"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4838\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6947,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4838\/revisions\/6947"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4839"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4838"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4838"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kaspersky.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4838"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}